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Estimate Activity Durations

Determining how many work periods are needed to complete each activity, based on the resources planned to do the work.

Key Points

  • Focuses on each activity's duration expressed in work periods (hours, days, weeks).
  • Relies on resource availability, skill levels, quantity, productivity, and calendars.
  • Uses techniques like expert judgment, analogous, parametric, three-point, bottom-up, and reserve analysis.
  • Produces duration estimates and a basis of estimates that feed into the Develop Schedule process.

Example

A project team estimates the task "Configure database server." With one engineer available 50% of the time, they assess 12 hours of effort. Considering availability and a 4-hour change window per day, they estimate the activity will take 3 workdays, and add 1 day of contingency for risk related to vendor patches.

PMP Example Question

After finalizing resource requirements and calendars for each activity, which process determines how long those activities will take?

  1. Define Activities
  2. Estimate Activity Durations
  3. Develop Schedule
  4. Sequence Activities

Correct Answer: B — estimating how long each activity will take with the planned resources

Explanation: Estimate Activity Durations uses resource information to forecast the number of work periods needed for each activity, which then feeds into schedule development.

ICS/OT Cybersecurity Fundamentals — Security Built for Industrial Systems

Industrial control systems cannot be secured like ordinary IT. A forced reboot, aggressive scan, or incompatible patch can interrupt production and create real safety consequences. Effective OT security begins with understanding the systems, constraints, and risks unique to industrial environments.

This course gives IT professionals, engineers, operators, and security practitioners a practical foundation in ICS threats, zone and conduit design, risk assessment, passive asset visibility, and vendor evaluation. You will learn how IEC 62443, NIST CSF, and MITRE ATT&CK for ICS apply where availability and safety come first.

Eight reconstructed incidents—including Stuxnet, Triton, Ukraine 2015, Colonial Pipeline, and PIPEDREAM—show how attackers move through OT environments, what they target, and which defenses could have changed the outcome.

Watch the course preview, then build the vocabulary, frameworks, and judgment needed to take credible first steps in ICS/OT cybersecurity.

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ICS/OT Cybersecurity Fundamentals course preview

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