Work Package

The smallest element in the WBS that is defined clearly enough to plan, estimate, and control its cost and duration.

Key Points

  • Exists at the lowest level of the work breakdown structure (WBS).
  • Has estimated and managed cost, duration, scope, and acceptance criteria.
  • Serves as the basis for creating schedule activities and assigning resources.
  • Rolls up to control accounts for performance tracking and reporting.

Example

In a building project, "Install drywall on the second floor" is a work package. It includes a defined scope (all second-floor walls), an estimated duration (3 days), a budget (e.g., $15,000), and assigned resources (crew and materials). Progress and costs are tracked against this package.

PMP Example Question

In a WBS, which element is the lowest-level component where cost and schedule are planned and controlled?

  1. Activity
  2. Control account
  3. Work package
  4. Milestone

Correct Answer: C — Work package

Explanation: A work package is the lowest-level WBS element used to estimate and manage cost and duration. Activities are derived from work packages; control accounts aggregate multiple work packages; milestones have zero duration.

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