Total Float

The maximum time an activity can start later or take longer, relative to its early start, without pushing the overall project finish date or breaking any imposed schedule constraints.

Key Points

  • Indicates schedule flexibility that does not change the project's completion date or violate constraints.
  • Calculated as LS - ES or LF - EF in the network schedule.
  • Activities on the critical path typically have zero total float; negative float signals the plan cannot meet a required date.
  • Float on a path is shared by its activities; using it on one activity reduces what is available to others on the same path.

Example

Activity B has ES = day 5 and EF = day 9. Its LS = day 7 and LF = day 11. Total float = LS - ES = 2 days (or LF - EF = 2 days). B can start up to two days late or run two days longer without moving the project's finish or breaking a constraint.

PMP Example Question

A task shows a total float of 3 days. What does this allow the project manager to do?

  1. Delay the task by up to 3 days without affecting the project finish date.
  2. Delay the task by up to 3 days without affecting any successor's early start.
  3. Add 3 days of scope to the task without any impact.
  4. Crash the task by 3 days with no additional cost.

Correct Answer: A — Delay the task without moving the project completion date

Explanation: Total float is the time an activity can slip or extend relative to its early start without changing the project finish date or violating schedule constraints. Option B describes free float.

Project Management with AI: From Initiation to Closing

Build a practical project management process from initiation to closing with our Project Management: From Initiation to Closing with AI course. Learn how to move from informal project coordination to a structured, repeatable approach using PMBOK-aligned workflows, real examples, and professional templates.

This hands-on course follows a complete project lifecycle. You will learn how to write a project charter, define scope, build a work breakdown structure, develop a schedule, estimate costs, manage risks, engage stakeholders, execute the work, monitor performance, and close the project properly.

You will also learn how to use AI tools to accelerate project management work. The course includes reusable prompts, downloadable templates, assignments, and worked examples that show how project documents connect from one stage to the next.

The course is designed for professionals, team leads, coordinators, analysts, and new project managers who need practical skills they can apply at work. Enroll now and build the confidence to manage projects with structure, clarity, and control.



Launch your career!

HK School of Management delivers top-tier training in Project Management, Job Search Strategies, and Career Growth. For the price of a lunch, you’ll gain expert insights into landing your dream PM role, mastering interviews, and negotiating like a pro. With a 30-day money-back guarantee, there’s zero risk—just a clear path to success!

Learn More