Requirements Traceability Matrix

A structured table that connects each product requirement to its original source and to the deliverables that fulfill it.

Key Points

  • Enables bidirectional traceability: from requirements to deliverables and tests, and back again.
  • Supports impact analysis during changes by showing all related artifacts, owners, and status.
  • Tracks attributes such as ID, source, priority, acceptance criteria, and verification method.
  • Helps verify complete scope coverage and prevents missing or gold-plated work.

Example

On a healthcare software project, the requirement "System must mask patient IDs" is traced to its source (HIPAA clause), linked to design spec DS-08, code module SEC-03, test cases TC-45 and TC-46, and the release note RN-02. When the regulation changes, the project manager uses the matrix to identify all affected deliverables, tests, and stakeholders for updates.

PMP Example Question

During a requirements change, the project manager needs to see which deliverables and test cases must be updated. Which artifact should they consult first?

  1. WBS Dictionary
  2. Requirements Traceability Matrix
  3. Issue Log
  4. Milestone List

Correct Answer: B - Requirements Traceability Matrix

Explanation: The requirements traceability matrix links each requirement to its source and to the deliverables and verification activities that satisfy it, making impact analysis straightforward.

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