Fixed Price with Economic Price Adjustment Contract (FPEPA)

A fixed-price agreement that includes a clause allowing pre-established, formula-based adjustments to the final price when specified economic conditions change, such as inflation or documented increases or decreases in the cost of certain commodities.

Key Points

  • Begins with a fixed base price but permits limited adjustments for defined economic factors only.
  • The adjustment method, indices, thresholds, and timing are agreed upfront and stated in the contract.
  • Helps manage inflation or commodity price volatility without converting to a cost-reimbursable contract.
  • Best for longer-term buys with exposure to volatile inputs (e.g., fuel, metals, asphalt).

Example

A city awards a pipeline installation contract at a fixed price, with an EPA clause tied to a published steel index. If the index moves more than 3% at the annual review, the contract price is adjusted up or down by the agreed formula for the steel portion only; scope and quality remain unchanged.

PMP Example Question

A seller proposes a 3-year road project at a fixed price with a clause referencing a public asphalt index. If the index shifts beyond 5%, the price for the asphalt component will be adjusted annually per a preset formula. What contract type is this?

  1. Firm-Fixed-Price (FFP)
  2. Fixed Price with Economic Price Adjustment (FPEPA)
  3. Cost Plus Incentive Fee (CPIF)
  4. Time and Materials (T&M)

Correct Answer: B — Fixed Price with Economic Price Adjustment

Explanation: The contract is fixed-price but includes a predefined, index-based mechanism to adjust for economic changes, which is the hallmark of FPEPA.

ICS/OT Cybersecurity Fundamentals — Security Built for Industrial Systems

Industrial control systems cannot be secured like ordinary IT. A forced reboot, aggressive scan, or incompatible patch can interrupt production and create real safety consequences. Effective OT security begins with understanding the systems, constraints, and risks unique to industrial environments.

This course gives IT professionals, engineers, operators, and security practitioners a practical foundation in ICS threats, zone and conduit design, risk assessment, passive asset visibility, and vendor evaluation. You will learn how IEC 62443, NIST CSF, and MITRE ATT&CK for ICS apply where availability and safety come first.

Eight reconstructed incidents—including Stuxnet, Triton, Ukraine 2015, Colonial Pipeline, and PIPEDREAM—show how attackers move through OT environments, what they target, and which defenses could have changed the outcome.

Watch the course preview, then build the vocabulary, frameworks, and judgment needed to take credible first steps in ICS/OT cybersecurity.

Explore the Course


ICS/OT Cybersecurity Fundamentals course preview

Take Control of Project Performance!

HK School of Management helps you go beyond status reports and gut feelings. In this advanced course, you will learn Earned Value Management (EVM) to measure progress, forecast outcomes, and take corrective action. Learn how WBS quality drives performance, how control accounts work, and how to use EAC, TCPI, and variance analysis. Practical skills, tools, and guidance you can apply right away. Covered by Udemy's 30-day refund policy.

Learn More