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Earned Schedule (ES)

A time-based extension of Earned Value Management that assesses schedule performance in units of time rather than cost.

Key Points

  • ES translates the earned value (EV) into the point in time on the planned value curve where that EV would have been planned.
  • Core indicators: SV(t) = ES - AT (schedule variance in time) and SPI(t) = ES / AT (schedule performance index in time), where AT is the actual time elapsed to the status date.
  • Unlike traditional SPI and SV, ES-based metrics continue to show meaningful schedule performance near project completion.
  • Helps forecast finish dates, assess schedule buffers, and integrate time-focused insights with standard EVM cost metrics.

Example

A project is at week 20 (AT = 20). The earned value achieved to date equals the planned value that was scheduled for week 18. Therefore, ES = 18 weeks. SV(t) = 18 - 20 = -2 weeks (behind schedule), and SPI(t) = 18 / 20 = 0.90.

PMP Example Question

At the status date, AT = 24 weeks and ES = 21 weeks. What is the best interpretation of these results?

  1. The project is 3 weeks under budget.
  2. The project is 3 weeks ahead of schedule.
  3. The project is 3 weeks behind schedule based on time-focused EVM.
  4. The project is performing as planned because SPI is 1.0.

Correct Answer: C — Earned Schedule indicates the work accomplished corresponds to week 21 while 24 weeks have elapsed.

Explanation: SV(t) = ES - AT = 21 - 24 = -3 weeks, showing the project is 3 weeks behind schedule using the Earned Schedule method.

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