Retrospective

A recurring session where participants review how the work was done and what was delivered to identify practical ways to improve both the process and the product.

Key Points

  • Occurs at regular intervals, typically at the end of an iteration or milestone.
  • Centers on team learning about methods and outcomes, not assigning blame.
  • Results in a short list of prioritized, actionable improvement items for the next period.
  • Works best with psychological safety, honest data, and clear facilitation.

Example

After a two-week sprint, the team meets for 60 minutes to inspect collaboration, tooling, and Definition of Done. They agree to add pair testing for high-risk stories and implement a pipeline check that blocks merges without unit tests.

PMP Example Question

Which event is intended for the team to examine how they worked and what they delivered, and to agree on specific actions to improve both process and product?

  1. Sprint Review
  2. Daily Standup
  3. Retrospective
  4. Backlog Refinement

Correct Answer: C — Retrospective

Explanation: A retrospective is a recurring workshop focused on reflecting on work and outcomes to identify concrete improvements for the next cycle.

ICS/OT Cybersecurity Fundamentals — Security Built for Industrial Systems

Industrial control systems cannot be secured like ordinary IT. A forced reboot, aggressive scan, or incompatible patch can interrupt production and create real safety consequences. Effective OT security begins with understanding the systems, constraints, and risks unique to industrial environments.

This course gives IT professionals, engineers, operators, and security practitioners a practical foundation in ICS threats, zone and conduit design, risk assessment, passive asset visibility, and vendor evaluation. You will learn how IEC 62443, NIST CSF, and MITRE ATT&CK for ICS apply where availability and safety come first.

Eight reconstructed incidents—including Stuxnet, Triton, Ukraine 2015, Colonial Pipeline, and PIPEDREAM—show how attackers move through OT environments, what they target, and which defenses could have changed the outcome.

Watch the course preview, then build the vocabulary, frameworks, and judgment needed to take credible first steps in ICS/OT cybersecurity.

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ICS/OT Cybersecurity Fundamentals course preview

Build an ICS/OT cybersecurity foundation that fits the real environment

Standard IT controls can disrupt the industrial systems they are meant to protect. Learn how to assess OT risk, design zones and conduits, apply IEC 62443 security levels, use MITRE ATT&CK for ICS, and establish passive asset visibility without risking production. Eight reconstructed incidents connect attacker techniques to the controls that failed, giving you the vocabulary and judgment to make credible security decisions from day one.

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